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DOI: 10.1055/a-2595-8032
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Small Molecules in Medicinal Chemistry

Comprehensive Updates on Antitubercular Endeavors Identified in 2023

Anu Sharma
a   Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
,
Palak K. Vadodariya
b   Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Marwadi University, Rajkot-Morbi Highway, Rajkot 360 003, Gujarat, India
,
Vaidehi N. Vaddoriya
c   L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad 380 009, Gujarat, India
,
Tejas M. Dhameliya  ∗
d   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382 481, Gujarat, India
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Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, historically ranks among the most fatal transmissible diseases in the world. The current treatment regimens are severely challenged by the growing appearance of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of tuberculosis. This has sparked an increase in the development of novel chemical scaffolds with significant antimycobacterial activity. In continuation of our previous coverage of novel scaffolds that are effective against tuberculosis, the present account highlights the chemical motifs, including benzimidazole, benzothiazinone, chalcone, furan, indole, oxadiazole, pyrazole, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrrole, quinoline, quinolone, thiazole, thiophene and triazole, reported in 2023, along with an emphasis on their antitubercular (anti-TB) modes of action, minimum inhibitory concentrations from nanomolar to micromolar, promising action against MDR-TB strains, structure–activity relationships, etc. This comprehensive study provides a critical examination of recently reported anti-TB agents with a focus on their potential to address the growing challenges of drug-resistance.

1 Background

2 Newly Reported Antitubercular Agents

2.1 Benzimidazole

2.2 Benzothiazinone

2.3 Chalcone

2.4 Coumarin

2.5 Furan

2.6 Indole

2.7 Oxadiazole

2.8 Pyrazole

2.9 Pyridine

2.10 Pyrimidine

2.11 Pyrrole

2.12 Quinoline

2.13 Quinolone

2.14 Thiazole

2.15 Thiophene

2.16 Triazole

2.17 Miscellaneous Heterocycles

3 Concluding Remarks

4 Abbreviations

Key words

tuberculosis - antitubercular agents - novel chemical scaffolds - structure–activity relationship - antimycobacterial activity


Publication History

Received: 24 February 2025

Accepted after revision: 28 April 2025

Accepted Manuscript online:
28 April 2025

Article published online:
02 July 2025

© 2025. Thieme. All rights reserved

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Oswald-Hesse-Straße 50, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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